© 2009 International Institute of Anthropology
© 2009 Reports of Prehistoric Research Projects
© 2009 The authors
© 2009
Lolita Nikolova
© 2009 Ernst Pernicka
Approach to Enculturation in Prehistory
and in Present
60th Birth Anniversary of Ian Hodder

Complied and edited by Lolita Nikolova and Ernst Pernicka

Reports of Prehistoric Research Projects 9 (2009)
in collaboration with Stratum, Chisinau, Moldova
Contents
Metacognition and the Use of Inner Speech in Children’s Thinking: A Tool Teachers Can Use

Andrea Zakin, Lehman College, The City University of New York,
andrea.zakin@lehman.cuny.edu
 
.pdf file from Journal of Education and Human Development Vol. 1, Issue 2, 2007
Comment: The article is republishing in RPRP 9 with permission of JEHM and the author.

Abstract

Teachers frequently dismiss children’s self-directed speech as distracting classroom behavior. Yet, if teachers
could envision self-talk as active constructivist activity intrinsic to metacognitive understanding, they could
use inner speech as a tool to help students control and enhance their cognitive performance. Inner speech, a
component of L.S. Vygotsky’s learning theory, plays a self-regulatory and self-instructional role for all types of
learners. Studies on inner speech are examined to understand its potential role as a key metacognitive
instructional strategy in inquiry oriented approaches to art, mathematics, and literacy education. These
investigations found that inner speech helps students with the self-regulation of cognitive behavior and
development.
     Hence, this paper highlights the application of a metacognitive approach to the instruction of math, literacy,
and art, recognizing that inner speech is an underutilized and cost-effective educational resource that
teachers can readily incorporate in their pedagogy.